Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam Di Laut Lepas Untuk Kemajuan Indonesia

Abstract

The utilization of natural resources in international waters is governed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982, which provides a legal framework for the management and conservation of marine resources such as fisheries, energy, and minerals. UNCLOS sets provisions to prevent overfishing and ensure the sustainability of marine ecosystems, including the requirement for states to set maximum catch quotas and cooperate internationally in fish stock management. Additionally, international law regulates marine energy exploitation and deep-sea mining with strict regulations from the International Seabed Authority (ISA). The protection of marine biodiversity is also emphasized, with encouragement for the establishment of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and global cooperation. Indonesia has a strategic position in managing international marine resources due to its extensive and resource-rich maritime territory. The country is active in utilizing fisheries, marine energy, and deep-sea mining in accordance with UNCLOS. However, Indonesia faces challenges such as technological limitations, regulatory issues, and environmental protection. To address these challenges, Indonesia needs to increase investment in marine technology, strengthen integrated management policies, enhance international cooperation, improve technical capacity and focus on environmental protection and maritime security. These measures will support sustainable and equitable marine resource management.